Al-Nairiya city
برعاية ورق عنب النعيرية
The city of Al Nuairiya is the capital of Al Nuairiya Governorate, affiliated with the Emirate of the Eastern Province, and many centers of the Emirates depend on it, such as Al Saarar, Mleiha, Hane, Al Qalib, Nataa, Al-Sahaf, Al-Kahfa, Taj, Al-Wanan, At
The name of the city is believed to be attributed to Nair, a name that became famous in the Arab countries in the ninth century and beyond.
1. The location
The city of Al-Nairiya is located in the east of Saudi Arabia in Al-Nairiya Governorate in the Eastern Province, at a latitude of 27 degrees and 28 minutes north, and longitude 48 degrees and 29 minutes east. It is about 40 km west of the coast of the Arabian Gulf, and about 105 kilometers, south of the Saudi-Kuwaiti border (see map of Al-Nairiya). The city passes through a pipeline through the Arab countries (Tableline) and asphalt road No. 85 parallel to the Tapline line, and the city is also connected to Route No. 95 adjacent to the coast of the Arabian Gulf by Road No. 603 asphalt.
2. Topography of the area
The city of Al-Nairiya is topographically located in the coastal plain of the Arabian Gulf, which is covered by sand (dakac) and sabkhat in large parts of it. The surface near the city is flat and modest in height, as its average altitude is about 70 meters, but to the northwest of the city, and 10 km lies the Al-N
3. The climate
Many factors control the climate of Al-Nairiya, but the most important are the astronomical location and geographical location:
A. Prof The effect of the astronomical position
The occurrence of Al-Nairiya at a latitude of approximately 27.5 degrees north means that it falls within the subtropical range dominated by the subtropical high. So the area is dominated in winter, spring and autumn by a landing in the upper air due to the control of the subtropical pressure system high in these seasons despite crossing some kinetic depressions especially in winter and spring. This astronomical site also necessitates an excess of solar radiation in the region, especially in the summer, when the sky is clear, the duration of the sun's brightness on the day is long, and the fallen solar rays are semi-vertical.
B. The impact of geographical location
The geographical location of Nairiya located in southwestern Asia in general and in the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula near the west coast of the Arabian Gulf is as follows:
(1) The dominance of northeastern trade winds from the dry central continent of Asia. These winds are very hot in the summer because they come from already hot areas in addition to being exposed to self-heating when these winds fall from the mountains of western Iran, while in winter these winds are very cold because they come from the middle of Asia, very cold and dry continent.
(2) Their location near the west coast of the Arabian Gulf makes the east and southeastern winds somewhat humid in winter, brings warmth to the region, and provides moisture in the air to the kinetic depressions that cross the region on some winter and spring days called the Mediterranean depressions, causing some rainfall. In the summer, these east and southeastern winds lead to a rise in relative humidity in the air, making the weather hot and humid and difficult to bear by the residents of the region.
(3) The area is affected by the thermal depression known as the India Seasonal Low, which leads to very hot winds blowing on the region in the summer.
As a result of these factors, the climate of Al-Nairiya is desert; the amount of annual rainfall is about 95 mm, which is very scarce, and the amount of annual rainfall is characterized by its great fluctuation from year to year, as in some years it falls more than 200 mm, while only a few millimeters fall in other years. Quarterly climatic conditions shall be as follows:
(1) Winter
Winter in this region includes December, January and February, and this period prevails in the subtropical high and the Siberian highland and the winds are cold north and northeast, with the average winter temperature of about 16 degrees Celsius. However, control of these highlands is sometimes interrupted by some transient kinetic depressions known as the Mediterranean depressions that generally cross from west to east. These depressions lead to warm south-southeast winds, causing the temperature to rise significantly, and some rainfall if other weather conditions are available, such as high surface relative humidity in the air, the presence of a cold upper layer and sufficient dynamic lifting operations that usually accompany kinetic depressions. In winter, temperatures drop a lot during the night, where the sky is clear and the winds are calm, causing frost formation, while fog occurs a lot only on some days after rain or when what is known as horizontal fog occurs when wet warm southeastern winds blow on cold land. The average relative humidity of air in winter is about 65%.
(2) Spring semester
Spring includes the period from late February to early May, and this period is characterized by clear fluctuation in the weather, due to the apparent disparity in climate influences of pressure systems and air masses. On days when the region is affected by the mid-Asian air altitude, the winds are cold, which leads to a clear drop in temperature. When it reaches the
The average temperature in spring is about 23°C, and the average relative humidity in the air in this season is about 45%.
(3) Summer
The period from June 23 to September 21 is known as summer, but the real summer in this tropical desert region begins from late May and extends to late September. The temperature is highest in July and August, with a maximum temperature of more than 50 degrees Celsius. When combined with high humidity, the weather becomes unbearable.
The average temperature in summer is about 33 degrees Celsius, and the average relative humidity is about 35%.
(4) Autumn
Autumn characteristics begin to appear in Nairiya in early October, and continue into late November. The average temperature in this season is about 28 degrees Celsius, and the average relative humidity is about 45%. Rainfall is rare in the early part of this season, but in the late penetration of kinetic depressions passing from west to east may cause some rain, which can sometimes be thunderous and accompanied by dust storms.
4. The date
Al-Nairiya was a water resource for nomads in that part of the eastern region until the middle of the twentieth century, when exploration and extraction of oil were active in the region, in addition to laying the pipeline across the Arab countries (Tableline) to pass through Naariya, where a payment and control station was established for the pipeline, which increased the stabilization
5. The population
The population of the city of Al-Nairiya reached 14,965 people in 1413 AH, of which 11,592 were Saudis and 3,373 non-Saudis, meaning that non-Saudis constitute 22% of the city's population.
6. Municipal services
The exploited area in the city of Al-Nairiya amounted to 1400 hectares in 1418, including 850 hectares of residential and commercial facilities, 250 hectares used in industrial production, and 300 hectares for parks. The length of the asphalt streets and the lighthouse in the same year was 55 km illuminated by 2,727 light poles, while the asphalt streets only were 54 km long, and the city consumed about 722,248 m3 of drinking water in the same year.